Chemical exfoliants
According to research from 2012 [6], chemical peels can have different strengths and employ tretinoin and other substances like acids to gently remove the top layer of skin. Melasma side effects resemble and feel like sunburn, but they may become less noticeable as your skin heals.
Skin-lightening substances
A moisturizer or lotion is typically included in skin-lightening products. Usually, hydroquinone is the active ingredient, which lightens your skin via fewer melanocytes being present. Only with a doctor’s prescription is hydroquinone accessible. Before 2021, it was freely accessible over the counter, but an FDA decision caused the situation to alter.
Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion [7] is performed by a qualified esthetician. It involves the use of vacuum suction or an instrument with an abrasive tip to remove your outer layer of skin during the minimally invasive process known as microdermabrasion.