Risk factors
Although the exact cause is not always known, sometimes certain factors and lifestyle choices can predispose or accelerate the progression of this disease. The main risk factors of atherosclerosis are:
Diet – Diet plays a role [7] in the development of atherosclerosis because food is the main source of most of the substances that damage the arteries. If your diet contains too many high fat, cholesterol and triglyceride foods, you are at risk of developing atherosclerosis over time. Foods high in salt can also contribute to this disease. It is important to eat a healthy diet to help your arteries function well for as long as possible.
Family history – You are more likely to have atherosclerosis than the average person if you have family members with this disease or other early cardiovascular diseases. Susceptibility to this condition may be inherited [8].
Age – Many people develop atherosclerosis as they age. This is because of the buildup of plaque over time. Age also causes the blood vessels to weaken and become less flexible [9], all of which can make plaque buildup easier.
Lack of exercise – Maintaining a sedentary lifestyle [10] exposes you to a host of cardiovascular conditions, including atherosclerosis. Exercise improves blood flow and keeps your arteries in good shape. The risk of significant plaque buildup in your arteries reduces dramatically when you exercise often.
Smoking – Smoking [11] damages your blood vessels, increasing your risk of this disease. It can also damage your lungs and lead to long-term respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
High blood pressure – High blood pressure [12] damages your blood vessels over time. They become weaken and become less flexible. This condition makes your arteries more susceptible to plaque buildup.
Other risk factors include [13]: Diabetes; High alcohol consumption; High levels of C-reactive protein; Sleep apnea; Obesity…