One of the commonest complaints of people of working age, middle age, and senile age is back pain. [1] The spine is responsible for bearing almost all the weight of a person. The spine consists of different vertebrae that are connected by an intervertebral disc. Because of this connection, the vertebrae can move relative to each other.
Pain can develop in anyone or all three parts of the spine. The most common pain occurs in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine. Pain can be caused by diseases and injuries of the discs (disc protrusion, disc herniation) and intervertebral joints (facet arthrosis) or other conditions.
The Most Common Causes of Lower Back Pain
The spine or vertebral column is a complex structure made up of vertebrae, intervertebral discs, and ligaments. Pain occurs when the interaction of these structures is disturbed. Typical reasons are;
Muscle injury
Most of the time when we experience back pain on the right or left side of the back, it is usually as a result of injury to a muscle, which can result from strenuous physical activity or can also be due to professional activity, as is the case with gardeners or dentists. [2]
For example, the position of the spine, including the lumbar spine, is stabilized by the work of the muscles. The back muscles, abdominal muscles, and muscles of the lateral abdominal wall are involved in maintaining posture. The work of the muscles makes the load on the intervertebral discs more even and prevents excessive stretching of the tendon-ligamentous apparatus. Any pain syndromes negatively affect the functioning of the muscles, which can lead to local hypertonicity or, conversely, local weakness. As a result, the stabilization of the spine is impaired. This type of pain is usually felt in the form of weight on the back and can be quite uncomfortable.