Bronchodilators
Bronchodilators are usually available in a nebulizer or inhaler form. It sends the drug directly to your airways and lungs because it involves inhaling. The drugs work by opening tight (constricted) airways to help you breathe easier and more comfortably.
Bronchodilators can be grouped into two classes: anticholinergics and β-agonists.
- β-agonists: They bind directly to beta receptors on the cells of smooth muscles. Their ability to bind directly with receptors on smooth muscle cells facilitates their bronchodilator’s effect. β-agonists may have short-acting (albuterol) or long-acting (salmeterol) effects. Short-acting β-agonists are also known as “rescue medications” because they can also help aid breathing when you have a COPD flare-up. On the other hand, long-acting β-agonists, which are used at least twice a day, are involved in maintenance therapy.
- Anticholinergic medications: Examples of anticholinergic include Atrovent. They also come in inhalers and can be administered every 4 to 6 hours (short-acting) or once a day (long-acting). Anticholinergic drugs [1] work by impeding the chemical acetylcholine. This causes your airways to get narrow. Anticholinergic drugs also play a significant role in reducing mucus synthesis and secretion.