Causes of Esophageal Spasms
The actual cause of esophageal spasm is unknown. Although many believe it results from disruption or malfunction of the nerve activity that coordinates the swallowing actions of the esophagus. There are also some sets of underlying conditions that make you susceptible to spasm, but the exact reason may not be apparent immediately. Some factors or conditions that could cause esophageal spasms include:
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) [7]; occurs when stomach acid flows back into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach. The backwash of the acid can irritate the lining of your esophagus.
- Certain foods and drinks, like red wine and too cold, too hot or spicy, are not adequately chewed before swallowing can trigger spasms.
- Trying to swallow more food or liquid during spasm can make it come back up within seconds.
- Stress, depression, or anxiety
- Treatments and medication for cancer, including surgery of the esophagus or radiation of the neck, chest or head.
- Excess acid in the esophagus due to having heartburn for an extended period.
Some risk factors can also cause Esophageal spasms. Examples are
- Age (60-80 years)
- Obesity
- High blood pressure