Causes
Bacteria Infection
The most common cause of peptic ulcer is the H. pylori bacteria infection [11]. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) [12] is a bacteria that may be contracted through food or water, and no study has ascertained if it can be transmitted through kissing or sexual activities. This bacterium weakens the protective film surrounding the stomach, allowing acid to seep in. The acid and bacteria irritate the stomach lining, creating an open sore known as a peptic ulcer.
Medication
Frequent usage of Pain relief medications called Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [13] like ibuprofen, diclofenac, and aspirin may cause peptic ulcers. These drugs [14] act as Cyclooxygenase (Cox-1) inhibitors blocking the production of important enzymes called prostaglandins. Prostaglandins [15] help prevent tissue damage, wound infections, and stomach acidity. When there’s a blockage in prostaglandins production, there is a high risk of stomach sores.