Computed Tomography (CT or CAT)
The basic technology used in tomography is ionizing radiation, similar to conventional radiology (radiography) also used in medicine. However, through complex algorithms and using computer systems (computerized), images used for medical diagnosis are produced. This image is used to determine the underlying cause of the foot pain.
Ultrasound
The ultrasound is a test that uses ultrasound to assess the anatomical structures of our body. Foot ultrasound is a joint ultrasound (evaluation of joints) and is indicated in cases of foot pain [4], allowing the assessment of muscles and tendons in this region.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Examination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [5] or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) serves to assist the physician in diagnosis of various diseases, as well as to evaluate the response to treatment. A magnetic resonance imaging of the foot may be indicated when there is suspicion of foot pain, rupture of ligaments, tendon, etc.
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Bone scintigraphy;
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Electromyography;
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Blood test to check for rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, or gout [6].
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A detailed physical examination [7] can be done to check for any other injuries if necessary.
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Feet are examined physically at rest, and also with weight- and non-weight-bearing movement.
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To recognize evident deformities, tender spots, inflammation, or any discrepancies in the bones of the foot and arch, the foot and arch will be touched and manipulated and checked.
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The healthcare professional would then examine how your foot’s muscles function. It may be done by holding or trying to move your foot and ankle against resistance. You may also be asked to stand, walk, or even run.
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The skin is checked [8] for any signs of skin breakage, bruising, or infection.
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References:
[1] https://www.verywellhealth.com/common-causes-of-foot-pain-2696405/
[2] https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319190
[3] https://www.health.harvard.edu/pain/foot-x-ray%23:~:text=What%20It’s%20Used%20For,pain%2C%20swelling%2C%20and%20tenderness.
[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6750320/
[5] https://www.medicinenet.com/mri_scan/article.htm
[6] https://www.medicinenet.com/gout_symptoms_and_signs/symptoms.htm
[7] https://www.medicinenet.com/foot_pain/article.htm
[8] https://www.medicinenet.com/foot_pain/article.htm