Complications
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, diagnosed early and well managed, reduces the occurrence of any form of complication. However, when left untreated, it can lead to various complications, such as:
- Liver cyst: Research has shown that about 75-80% cases of ADPKD leads to the formation of cysts in the liver. The formation of cysts in the liver is more common in females than males. The presence of this cyst may not be harmful as they are mostly small and don’t contribute to liver failure. However, if these cysts become infected, it can cause pain in the upper right hand side of the abdomen.
- Hernias: This occurs when an organ pushes through an opening in the tissue or muscle that keeps it in place. Hernias in the abdomen are more common among individuals with ADPKD.
- Kidney failure: Due to this health condition. The pressure on the kidney arises causing it to swell and lose shape. The enlarged kidney is not able to perform its function of removal of waste products. This leads to the body retaining excess fluid and waste causing kidney failure. Individuals with this condition also tend to suffer from high blood pressure.
- Pregnancy complications: Pregnancy with this health condition may be successful for some individuals and may not be successful for those with high blood pressure or a defect in kidney function. ADPKD may lead to a life threatening condition called preeclampsia.
- Heart valve problems: Out of 5 people with ADPKD, about 3-4 suffer from mitral valve prolapse. This is when the valve in the heart does not close completely, which causes the blood to leak and flow backward.
- Colon problems: This health condition results in weakness and the presence of sacs on the walls of the colon. This disrupts the colon from functioning well.