What are the causes of bipolar disorder with mixed episodes?
The cause of bipolar disorder with mixed episodes is unknown. However, experts have some suggestions and factors that they believe are responsible for the disorder.
According to experts, one of the most common causes of bipolar disorder with mixed episodes is disruptions in the function of a part of the brain, known as the hypothalamus. Changes in the hypothalamus are responsible for the sleep disorder associated with the condition. Inadequate sleep, inability to fall asleep or stay asleep play significant roles in mood changes. It would help to know that variable moods and sleep disturbances follow a seasonal pattern, and are usually linked with alterations in the intensity of available natural light.
In some cases, people who have bipolar disorder with mixed episodes may also experience fluctuation in hormone levels. Changes in hormone levels are usually caused by disruptions in the functions of the hypothalamus [1].
Studies show that everyone with bipolar disorder shows depressive and manic symptoms. However, different factors are responsible for the mood changes associated with the condition. Some people may experience rapid or slow changes in extreme mood conditions.
Experts and scientists are still undergoing more research to understand the triggers of the condition and to find out the main causes of the mood changes associated with bipolar disorder.
In some cases, people who have bipolar depression may change into hypomanic or manic states if they start using antidepressants, like tricyclic antidepressants. Mixed episodes usually happen in cases like this. Studies show that long-term treatment of bipolar disorder with tricyclic depression [2] can lead to mood changes in about 70% of people who take the drug.
The antidepressant [3] bupropion also contributes significantly to the changes in mood associated with the condition. Mood stabilizers [4] are ineffective in conditions like this.
Therefore, checking the drugs a person uses may help determine the causes of the mood changes. Genetic changes may also be responsible for the mood changes. However, more research is needed to understand how they affect mood changes.