Weight changes and the type of IUD
There are two forms of IUDs: non-hormonal and hormonal (copper).
Non-hormonal IUDs are made up of copper and they do not involve hormones. They use copper to prevent interactions between a sperm and an egg.
In most cases, when a birth control method leads to weight gain, it also alters the level of certain hormones in your body. Since copper IUDs don’t release any hormones, they are less likely to lead to any changes in your weight, when they are in your uterus or after removal. For this reason, weight loss or gain is not a possible side effect of the copper IUD.
The main hormone used in Hormonal IUDs is progestin. The hormone is released into your uterus. Progestin [3] functions as a birth control method by:
- Thickening the cervical mucus, and making it almost impossible for sperm to get to the eggs.
- Reducing, but not completely stopping the chance of ovulation [4], or the release of eggs from your ovaries
Hormonal IUDs are available in four different brands: Kyleena, Liletta, Skyla, and Mirena. The amount of progestin released into the uterus depends on the brand of the hormone. These types of IUDs are more likely to cause changes in weight after removal.
The sources for weight gain or loss after IUD removal are anecdotal. As a result, there is no scientific explanation to explain why people experience weight loss or gain after removing the IUD.
Experts believe it is caused by alterations in hormone levels, energy levels, mood, and appetite changes. Some people experience changes in their weight while using hormonal birth control. It may take a long period for the hormone to go back to normal after the device is removed. Changes in weight could also be a sign that birth control is effective.
When you remove IUD, your body has to adjust to make up for the reduction in progestin. According to studies, the changes in hormones can lead to weight changes and other symptoms associated with Mirena crash. Doctors believe that other symptoms, such as insomnia and depression can also lead to weight gain.
Other side effects of using or removing an IUD include:
- Insomnia [5]
- Breast pain or tenderness
- Nausea
- Depression, anxiety, and other mood changes
- Decreased sex drive
- Headaches
- Hair loss
- Acne
- Pain during sex
- Fatigue [6] and energy loss